常(chang)用的軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou)傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)結構形式(shi)分為(wei)(wei)兩(liang)種(zhong):一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)功率(lv)型軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou),該鋼絲軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)端部為(wei)(wei)固定(ding)式(shi)(螺紋連接(jie)(jie)),軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)管(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)內帶滑動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)套(tao)(tao)(一般用青銅(tong)軸(zhou)套(tao)(tao))。液壓開孔鉆的軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力就(jiu)是使用這種(zhong)形式(shi);另(ling)一種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)控制型軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou),該鋼絲軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)端部為(wei)(wei)滑動(dong)(dong)(dong)式(shi),軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)管(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)為(wei)(wei)鐓(dui)壓連接(jie)(jie)(用于汽車里程表)。下(xia)面來說說傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)軟(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)(ruan)軸(zhou)的傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)效率(lv)。
一、傳遞(di)功(gong)率小(xiao)于(yu)1kw時,直(zhi)線的傳動效果為(wei)95%;
二、與長度成正比,越(yue)長損耗越(yue)大;
三、與彎曲半徑成反比(bi),彎曲半徑越(yue)小損耗越(yue)大(da);
四、實際損(sun)耗比(bi)較大,從溫(wen)升上表現(xian)出來,彎(wan)曲地方溫(wen)度比(bi)直線部分高,而(er)且壽命(ming)測試中(zhong)軟軸斷裂通常是在彎(wan)曲處。
因此,軟(ruan)軸在大功率液壓開孔機及管(guan)道切割設備中一般很少采(cai)用(yong)(yong)。但(dan)也有它的(de)(de)優點:軟(ruan)軸可(ke)以(yi)彎曲的(de)(de)繞越障礙,實現(xian)較遠距(ju)離(li)的(de)(de)回轉運動(dong),可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)(yong)于各種(zhong)手持動(dong)力機械的(de)(de)傳(chuan)動(dong),以(yi)及里程表(biao)等非動(dong)力傳(chuan)遞(di)。能(neng)(neng)減(jian)緩傳(chuan)動(dong)中所帶來的(de)(de)沖擊(ji)及震動(dong);軟(ruan)軸一般用(yong)(yong)于高(gao)速(su)度(du)低轉矩(ju)的(de)(de)場合,否則(ze)會出(chu)現(xian)轉速(su)不穩定及扭轉剛度(du)不能(neng)(neng)保(bao)證的(de)(de)情(qing)況。